Module:ColinTheCat/Plotter

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Revision as of 22:17, 11 February 2024 by Colin The Cat (talk | contribs)

Lua error at line 6: Missing 'Functions'.

Arguments

Argument Description Example Default
Plots Plots as JSON See #Example
From Lowest x,y to plot -pi/2,0 0,0
To Highest x,y to plot 10^2,2
Origin X/Y Axis origin 0.5,0.5 0,0
GridStep Coordinate grid step size pi/2,1 1,1
Inline Display the plot inline instead of floating true (absent)
LabelX, LabelY Axis label (not implemented)
LabelStepX Label for grid X-axis increments format("%sπ", dfrac(x/pi, 1)) format("%d", x)
LabelStepY Label for grid X-axis increments format("%.1f", y) format("%d", x)
ColorX X-axis color #44f #f44
ColorY Y-axis color #0f4 #0f0

Underlined Arguments are required.

Available Functions and Constants in Expressions

  • printf(format, ...args)
    See Lua string.format.
  • dfrac(number, is_factor)
    Formats a float as a fraction, if possible. If it is a factor, then the number 1 or -1 will only produce its sign as an output, useful when formatting as a factor of pi, for example. See #Example below.
  • sin,floor,abs,...
    Any constant or function from the Lua math library can be used directly (without the math. prefix).

Example

{{#invoke:ColinTheCat/Plotter|Plot2D
|From=-0.2, -1.2
|To=2 * pi + 0.2, 1.2
|GridStep=0.5 * pi, 1
|LabelStepX=format("%sπ", dfrac(x/pi, 1))
|Plots=
[
{"Type": "function", "Function": "sin(x)", "Samples": 100, "Label": "sin"},
{"Type": "function", "Function": "cos(x)", "Samples": 100, "Label": "cos"},
{"Type": "function", "Function": "tan(x)", "Samples": 35, "Label": "tan", "Ranges": [
  {"To": "(0.5-0.2)*pi"},
  {"From": "(0.5+0.2)*pi", "To": "(1.5-0.2)*pi"},
  {"From": "(1.5+0.2)*pi"}
]}
]
}}

Lua error at line 6: Missing 'Functions'. 

local p = {}

local Expression = require("Module:ColinTheCat/Expression")

function p.Plot2D(frame)
  assert(frame.args.Functions, "Missing 'Functions'")
  assert(frame.args.To, "Missing 'To'")

  local options = {
    functions = mw.text.jsonDecode(frame.args.Functions),
    from = parse_xy(frame.args.From or "0 0"),
    to = parse_xy(frame.args.To),
    origin = parse_xy(frame.args.Origin or "0 0"),
    grid_step = {
      x=frame.args.GridStepX or "1",
      y=frame.args.GridStepY or "1",
    },
    axis_labels = {
      x=frame.args.LabelX or "x",
      y=frame.args.LabelY or "y",
    },
    axis_colors = {
      x=frame.args.ColorX or "#f00",
      y=frame.args.ColorY or "#0f0",
    }
  }

  options.function_space = {
    x = options.from.x,
    y = options.from.y,
    w = options.to.x - options.from.x,
    h = options.to.y - options.from.y,
  }
  options.content_space = {
    x = 0,
    y = 0,
    w = 1000,
    h = 1000 * options.function_space.h / options.function_space.w
  }

  -- make space for axis labels
  local label_size = {w = 40, h = 20}
  local tx, ty, sx, sy = create_transform(options.function_space, options.content_space)
  translate_space(
    options.content_space,
    math.max(0, label_size.w - tx(options.origin.x)),
    0
  )

  local svg = mw.html.create()

  draw_grid(svg, options)
  draw_axes(svg, options)

  local fig = mw.html.create("div")
    :wikitext(frame:callParserFunction("#tag:svg", {
      tostring(svg),
      viewBox = string.format(
        "0 0 %s %s",
        options.content_space.w + options.content_space.x,
        options.content_space.h + math.max(0, label_size.h - ty(options.origin.y))
      ),
      style = "width: 100%; fill: none; stroke-linecap: butt;",
    }))

  fig:tag("p"):wikitext(mw.allToString("from:", options.function_space.x, options.function_space.y))
  fig:tag("p"):wikitext(mw.allToString("transform:", tx(0), ty(0), sx, sy))
  fig:tag("p"):wikitext(mw.allToString("content_space:", options.content_space.x, options.content_space.y, options.content_space.w, options.content_space.h))

  return tostring(fig)
end

function parse_aspect(str)
  local i = str:find(":", 1, false)
  if i == nil then return tonumber(str) end
  local y = tonumber(str:sub(1, i - 1))
  local x = tonumber(str:sub(i + 1))
  return x/y
end

function parse_xy(str)
  local i = str:find(" ", 1, false)
  if i == nil then error("Invalid xy: "..str) end
  local x = tonumber(str:sub(1, i - 1))
  local y = tonumber(str:sub(i + 1))
  return { x=x, y=y }
end

-- Drawing

function create_transform(from, to)
  --     (x-from.x) * (to.w/from.w) + to.x
  -- <=> x * (to.w/from.w) - from.x * (to.w/from.w) + to.x
  --         |----sx-----| |-------------tx--------------|
  local sx, sy = to.w/from.w, to.h/from.h
  local tx = to.x - from.x * sx
  local ty = to.y - from.y * sy
  local function transform_x(x) return x * sx + tx end
  local function transform_y(y) return y * sy + ty end
  return transform_x, transform_y, sx, sy
end

function translate_space(space, x, y)
  space.x = space.x + x
  space.y = space.y + y
  space.w = space.w + x
  space.h = space.h + y
end

function draw_grid(svg, options)
  local step_x = eval_expr(options.grid_step.x)
  local step_y = eval_expr(options.grid_step.y)
  if step_x <= 0 then error("Invalid x step size") end
  if step_y <= 0 then error("Invalid y step size") end

  local tx, ty, sx, sy = create_transform(options.function_space, options.content_space)
  step_x = step_x * sx
  step_y = step_y * sy

  local min_x = options.content_space.x
  local min_y = options.content_space.y
  local max_x = options.content_space.w + min_x
  local max_y = options.content_space.h + min_y
  local origin_x, origin_y = tx(options.origin.x), max_y - ty(options.origin.y)

  local path = ""
  local k

  -- +x
  k = origin_x + step_x
  while(k < max_x) do
    path = path.."M"..k.." "..min_y.."V"..max_y
    k = k + step_x
  end

  -- -x
  k = origin_x - step_x
  while(k > min_x) do
    path = path.."M"..k.." "..min_y.."V"..max_y
    k = k - step_x
  end

  -- +y
  k = origin_y + step_y
  while(k < max_y) do
    path = path.."M"..min_x.." "..k.."H"..max_x
    k = k + step_x
  end

  -- -y
  k = origin_y - step_y
  while(k > min_y) do
    path = path.."M"..min_x.." "..k.."H"..max_x
    k = k - step_x
  end

  svg:tag("path")
    :attr("stroke", "#666")
    :attr("stroke-width", "2")
    :attr("d", path)
end

function draw_axes(svg, options)
  local tx, ty = create_transform(options.function_space, options.content_space)
  local min_x = options.content_space.x
  local min_y = options.content_space.y
  local max_x = options.content_space.w + min_x
  local max_y = options.content_space.h + min_y
  local origin_x, origin_y = tx(options.origin.x), max_y - ty(options.origin.y)
  draw_arrow(svg, options.axis_colors.x, 3, origin_x, origin_y, max_x - 5, origin_y)
  draw_arrow(svg, options.axis_colors.y, 3, origin_x, origin_y, origin_x, min_y + 5)
  if min_x < origin_x then
    draw_line(svg, options.axis_colors.x, 3, min_x, origin_y, origin_x, origin_y)
      :attr("stroke-dasharray", "10 10")
  end
  if max_y > origin_y then
    draw_line(svg, options.axis_colors.y, 3, origin_x, origin_y, origin_x, max_y)
      :attr("stroke-dasharray", "10 10")
  end
  draw_circle(svg, "#fff", 3, origin_x, origin_y)
end

function draw_arrow(svg, color, width, x1, y1, x2, y2)
  local dx, dy = x2 - x1, y2 - y1
  local len = math.sqrt(dx*dx + dy*dy)
  dx, dy = dx/len, dy/len
  local leftx, lefty = dy, -dx
  local arrow_size = 6
  return svg:tag("path")
    :attr("stroke", color)
    :attr("stroke-width", width)
    :attr("stroke-linejoin", "round")
    :attr("d", string.format(
      "M%s %sL%s %sM%s %sL%s %sL%s %s",
      x1, y1,
      x2 - width * 0.5 * dx, y2 - width * 0.5 * dy,
      x2 + arrow_size * (leftx - dx), y2 + arrow_size * (lefty - dy),
      x2, y2,
      x2 + arrow_size * (-leftx - dx), y2 + arrow_size * (-lefty - dy)
    ))
end

function draw_circle(svg, color, r, x, y)
  return svg:tag("circle")
    :attr("cx", x)
    :attr("cy", y)
    :attr("r", r)
    :attr("fill", color)
end

function draw_line(svg, color, width, x1, y1, x2, y2)
  return svg:tag("line")
    :attr("x1", x1)
    :attr("y1", y1)
    :attr("x2", x2)
    :attr("y2", y2)
    :attr("stroke")
    :attr("stroke-width", width)
end

function new_object(self, o)
  o = o or {}
  setmetatable(o, self)
  self.__index = self
  return o
end

-- Expression Logic

local ExprCtx = {new=new_object}
function ExprCtx:lookup(name)
  return self.vars and self.bars[name] or math[name] or error("Unknown variable: "..name)
end

function parse_expr(str)
  local tok = Expression.Tokenizer:new{str=str}
  local expr = Expression.parse_expr(tok)
  if not expr then error("Invalid expression: "..expr) end
  if tok:peek() then error("Leftover tokens: "..tok.str) end
  return expr
end

function eval_expr(str, vars)
  local cx = ExprCtx:new{vars=vars}
  return parse_expr(str):eval(cx)
end

return p
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